Chapter 1: The Atom

TRUE/FALSE

	1.	Atoms are the basic building blocks that make up all matter.

ANS:	T	PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	2.	An atom has an equal number of protons and electrons.

ANS:	T	PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	3.	When electrons break free from orbit around the nucleus, they are called free electricity.

ANS:	F	PTS:	1	REF:	Electric Current	

	4.	Semiconductors have many free electrons and allow current to flow easily.

ANS:	F	PTS:	1	REF:	Materials Used in Electricity

	5.	Photons are the basic unit of light energy.

ANS:	T	PTS:	1	REF:	The Characteristics of Light

COMPLETION

	1.	There are three major types of particles that make up an atom: electrons, protons, and ______________________.

ANS:	neutrons

PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	2.	A(n) ________________ is the smallest part of an element that still has the characteristics of the element.

ANS:	atom

PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	3.	The orbit farthest from the nucleus contains the ____________ electrons.

ANS:	valence

PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	4.	The Law of Charges states: _________ charges attract and unlike charges repel.

ANS:	like

PTS:	1	REF:	Law of Charges	

	5.	A(n) ______________ is a solid piece of pure material.

ANS:	crystal

PTS:	1	REF:	Materials Used in Electricity

	6.	Light has both wave and _____________ characteristics.

ANS:	particle

PTS:	1	REF:	The Characteristics of Light

SHORT ANSWER

	1.	Describe the charge of protons, electrons, and neutrons as well as their location with an atom.

ANS:	
Protons are positively charged and located within the nucleus. Electrons are negatively charged and located in orbit around the nucleus. Neutrons are not charged and located within the nucleus.

PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	2.	Why are valence electrons of primary interest in electricity?

ANS:	
Valence electrons are of primary interest in electricity because they are the source of electric current.

PTS:	1	REF:	Structure of the Atom	

	3.	What is electric current?

ANS:	
Electric current is the free flow of electrons in a material.

PTS:	1	REF:	Electric current	

	4.	What are the three categories of materials used in electricity?

ANS:	
The three categories are conductors, insulators, and semiconductors.

PTS:	1	REF:	Materials Used in Electricity