1. American criminal law comes from a wide range of sources. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Introduction and Overview of Criminal Law, pp.1

2. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, approximately ________ of all violent crime is not reported to the police. 
a. 15%
b. 25%
*c. 50%
d. 75%
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Criminal Law Terms and Concepts, pp.1

Type: E
3. Explain an affirmative act. 
*a. An affirmative act refers to an action that someone engages in, such as hitting someone in the face. 
@ Type: SA; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

4. Hacking into someone’s computer does not constitute an affirmative act. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

5. Which of the following is not  an example of an affirmative act?
a. Punching someone in the nose
b. Hacking into someone’s computer
*c. Not calling the police after causing injury to a passenger
d. Purchasing a knife to puncture someone’s tires
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

6. A negative act refers to inaction. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

Type: E
7. What is an example of a negative act?
*a. Answers may vary, however, they must show that someone failed to act, and thus that why that action was considered criminal. Examples provided in the text are: failure to provide food for ones children, which results in starvation and death, failure of a driver to call the police after causing injury to a passenger, etc. 
@ Type: SA; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

Type: E
8. What is the working definition of crime?
*a. According to the authors, the working definition of crime is as follows: an act or omission punishable by the state or federal government through the enforcement of its criminal law. 
Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

9. The definition of crime and the definition of wrongdoing are the same. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

10. Crime refers to actions and inactions that society deems both wrong and punishable. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

11. An act is only a crime if the law says it is. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

12. Which of the following is an example of a crime that is both wrong and punishable?
a. A teacher who does not grade fairly
b. A girlfriend who is unfaithful
c. Neighbors who do not mow their law
*d. Failure to stop and seek assistance after hitting someone with a car
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

13. Unreported incidents are referred to as the “dark figure” of crime. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

14. Legally, offenses that are not reported do not exist. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

15. Which of the following are examples of why crime victims and witnesses refuse to report crime?
a. Fear of retaliation by the offender
b. Victim might be unaware that she/he was a victim of a crime
c. Embarrassment
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Defining Crime, pp.2

16. There are ______ possible relationships between moral wrongs and criminal wrongs. 
a. 1
b. 2
*c. 3
d. 4
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Crime and Morality, pp.3

17. Acts that exert rudeness or greed are considered both wrong and against the law. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Discuss the difference between criminal and moral wrongdoing; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Crime and Morality, pp.3

Type: E
18. Compare male in se and mala prohibita offenses. 
*a. Male in se crimes are offenses that society considered to be wrong and morally unacceptable. Mala prohibita offenses, on the other hand, are actions that are considered wrong because they violate the law, not because they are morally wrong. 
Learning objective: Understand the distinction between male in se and mala prohibita offenses; Cognitive domain: Analysis; Answer location: Crime and Morality, pp.4

19. Which of the following is not an example of a Male in Se offense?
a. Theft
*b. Draft evasion
c. Rape
d. Arson
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Understand the distinction between male in se and mala prohibita offenses; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Crime and Morality, pp.4

20. Prohibited alcohol purchases are considered a Male in Se crime?
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Understand the distinction between male in se and mala prohibita offenses; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Crime and Morality, pp.4

21. In the past, adultery was considered a felony and could result in 
a. a lifetime of community shame. 
b. jail. 
c. exile. 
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Victimless Crimes, pp.4

22. In ________ it is considered a misdemeanor of a married woman has sex with a man other than her husband. 
a. California
b. Hawaii
*c. Minnesota
d. New York
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Victimless Crimes, pp.4

23. Harsh punishments for nonviolent crimes have detrimental social costs. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Victimless Crimes, pp.6

24. Which of the following are sources of criminal law?
a. English common law
b. Administrative regulations
c. Executive orders
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Sources of Criminal Law, pp.6

Type: E
25. Explain English common law. 
*a. English common law refers to the legal rules that are applied by English judges in the absence of written laws. 
@ Type: SA; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Common Law, pp.6

26. Common law is often referred to as “judge-made” law. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Common Law, pp.6

27. In common law, a legislative body makes the laws. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Common Law, pp.6

28. Which of the following cases offers an example of a recent judge-made law?
*a. Commonwealth v. Mochan (1955)
b. Korematsu v. United States (1944)
c. Bond v. United States (2014)
d. Lynce v. Mathis (1977)
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Common Law, pp.6

29. In the Commonwealth v. Mochan (1955) case, the court ruled that 
*a. Mochan’s actions could be punished as a misdemeanors offense. 
b. Mochan’s actions could be punished as a felony offense. 
c. Mochan’s actions could be punished as an infraction. 
d. Mochan’s actions did not constitute a crime. 
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Common Law, pp.7

30. Common law promotes uniform laws across the states. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Explain the differences between common law and statutory law; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Common Law, pp.7

31. Federal legislation applies to which of the following?
a. Federal employees
b. Federal property
c. Federal lands
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Federal Legislation, pp.7

32. Which of the following are components of state legislation?
a. It identifies various crimes
b. It identifies various punishments 
c. It identifies procedures for handling unlawful actions
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Federal Legislation, pp.7

33. Most criminal cases are prosecuted under 
a. municipal laws. 
*b. state laws. 
c. federal laws. 
d. common laws. 
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: State Legislation, pp.7

34. Which of the following are examples of municipal ordinances?
a. Leash laws
b. Parking regulation 
c. Zoning and building regulations
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Municipal Ordinances, pp. 8

35. City ordinances may regulate the actions of residents. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Municipal Ordinances, pp. 8

36. Executive orders do not require the consent of 
a. the President
b. the States
*c. the Congress
d. the Vice President
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Executive Orders, pp.8

37. Which of the following presidents issues the first executive order?
a. Abraham Lincoln
*b. George Washington
c. John Adams
d. Thomas Jefferson
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Executive Orders, pp.8

38. In 2012, President Obama signed an executive order to impose sanctions against
a. China
*b. Iran
c. North Korea
d. Israel 
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Executive Orders, pp.9

39. Which of the following are examples of crimes that are identified and punished by the International Criminal Court (ICC)?
a. War crimes
b. Genocide
c. Crimes against humanity
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Treaties and Other International Conventions, pp.10

40. Which of the following cases asked the U.S.S.C. to determine whether an international treaty can apply to domestic actions?
a. Commonwealth v. Mochan (1955)
b. State v. Woll (1983)
*c. Bond v. United States  (2014)
d. Korematsu v. United States (1944)
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Treaties and Other International Conventions, pp.10

41. Which of the following agencies can impose criminal sanctions for regulatory violations?
a. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
b. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
c. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List three sources of criminal law; Know the distinction between federal and state legislation; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Administrative Regulations, pp.10

42. Which of the following states had a penal code in 1961 that was inconsistent and provided for disproportionate sanctions?
a. California 
*b. Illinois
c. New York
d. Oregon
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List two goals of the Model Penal Code; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Model Penal Code, pp.10

43. The criminal law in the U.S. consists of 
a. a federal criminal code.
b. state codes.
c. a criminal code for the District of Columbia.
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: List two goals of the Model Penal Code; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Model Penal Code, pp.10

44. Which of the following is not a component of a felony offense?
a. Offenders will spend more than a year behind bars
b. Offenses can result in a fine
c. Offenders can become disenfranchised
*d. Offender is not subjected to jail time
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Felony v. Misdemeanor, pp.11

45. Infractions are petty offenses. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Felony v. Misdemeanor, pp.11

46. Which of the following is not an example of an infraction?
a. Littering
b. Disturbing the peace
c. Jaywalking
*d. Arson
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Felony v. Misdemeanor

47. A tort is a civil action. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Differentiate between a crime and a tort; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Crime v. Tort, pp.11

48. A capital offense is a type of 
a. arson. 
*b. aggravated murder. 
c. sexual assault
d. grand theft. 
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Capital Offenses v. Non-Capital Offenses, pp.12

49. Which of the following crimes is an example of a crime that can trigger a death of sentence?
a. Killing an on-duty law enforcement officer
b. Killing two or more people
c. Killing someone during a burglary 
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Capital Offenses v. Non-Capital Offenses, pp.12

50. Which of the following Articles of the Constitution prohibits ex-post facto laws?
*a. Article 1
b. Article 2
c. Article 3
d. Article 4
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Ex-Post Facto Laws, pp.12

51. Which of the following cases offers a discussion of ex-post facto laws?
*a. Lynce v. Mathis  (1977)
b. Commonwealth v. Mochan (1955)
c. State v. Woll (1983)
d. Bond v. United States  (2014)
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Application; Answer location: Ex-Post Facto Laws, pp.13

52. In 2012, _____ percent of arrests were for violent crimes. 
*a. Less than 5%
b. 10%
c. 15%
d. More than 15%
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Crime and People in the Criminal Justice System, pp.13

53. Correction supervision includes
a. prison. 
b. jail.
c. probation
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: State the four types of correctional supervision; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Crime and People in the Criminal Justice System, pp.13

54. The Americans corrections system is made up of the police, courts, and corrections. 
*a. True
b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: The Criminal Justice System Process

55. The ___________ is the starting point of the criminal justice system. 
a. Formal charging process
b. Arraignment
*c. Arrest
d. Guilty plea
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Knowledge; Answer location: Arrest, pp.15

56. In the U.S. there is only one court system. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Not Applicable; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: The U.S. Court System, pp.17

57. Which of the following are components of a case brief?
a. Facts
b. Holding
c. Rationale
*d. All of the above
@ Type: MC; Learning objective: Identify the elements of a case brief; Cognitive domain: Analysis; Answer location: Case Briefing, pp. 17-19

58. A dissenting opinion is the opinion of a judge who agrees with the decision of the judges are in the majority. 
a. True
*b. False
@ Type: TF; Learning objective: Identify the elements of a case brief; Cognitive domain: Comprehension; Answer location: Case Briefing, pp.19