Solution Manual General Chemistry Principles Patterns and Applications Version 1.0 by Bruce Averill
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Solution Manual General Chemistry Principles Patterns and Applications Version 1.0 by Bruce Averill
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Solution Manual General Chemistry Principles Patterns and Applications Version 1.0 by Bruce Averill
Bruce Averill, Patricia Eldredge
General Chemistry takes a seamless approach to chemistry that focuses on interdisciplinary relevance, developing a systematic method to problem solving, and ensuring that students have the essential skills required to succeed in general chemistry. This title discusses exciting and relevant aspects of biological, environment, and material science throughout the textbook, rather than leaving them to the final chapters. Students will be introduced early on to the increasing overlap between chemistry and other disciplines.
ISBN-10: 1453322307
ISBN-13: 9781453322307
ISBN-13: 978-145333122-4
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Chemistry
1.1 Chemistry in the Modern World
1.2 The Scientific Method
1.3 A Description of Matter
1.4 A Brief History of Chemistry
1.5 The Atom
1.6 Isotopes and Atomic Masses
1.7 Introduction to the Periodic Table
1.8 Essential Elements for Life
1.9 Essential Skills 1
1.10 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 2: Molecules, Ions, and Chemical Formulas
2.1 Chemical Compounds
2.2 Chemical Formulas
2.3 Naming Ionic Compounds
2.4 Naming Covalent Compounds
2.5 Acids and Bases
2.6 Industrially Important Chemicals
2.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 3: Chemical Reactions
3.1 The Mole and Molar Masses
3.2 Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
3.3 Chemical Equations
3.4 Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations
3.5 Classifying Chemical Reactions
3.6 Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere
3.7 Essential Skills 2
3.8 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 4: Reactions in Aqueous Solution
4.1 Aqueous Solutions
4.2 Solution Concentrations
4.3 Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solution
4.4 Ionic Equations
4.5 Precipitation Reactions
4.6 Acid–Base Reactions
4.7 The Chemistry of Acid Rain
4.8 Oxidation–Reduction Reactions in Solution
4.9 Quantitative Analysis Using Titrations
4.10 Essential Skills 3
4.11 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 5: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
5.1 Energy and Work
5.2 Enthalpy
5.3 Calorimetry
5.4 Thermochemistry and Nutrition
5.5 Energy Sources and the Environment
5.6 Essential Skills 4
5.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 6: The Structure of Atoms
6.1 Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
6.2 The Quantization of Energy
6.3 Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom
6.4 The Relationship between Energy and Mass
6.5 Atomic Orbitals and Their Energies
6.6 Building Up the Periodic Table
6.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 7: The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends
7.1 The History of the Periodic Table
7.2 Sizes of Atoms and Ions
7.3 Energetics of Ion Formation
7.4 The Chemical Families
7.5 Trace Elements in Biological Systems
7.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 8: Ionic versus Covalent Bonding
8.1 An Overview of Chemical Bonding
8.2 Ionic Bonding
8.3 Lattice Energies in Ionic Solids
8.4 Lewis Electron Dot Symbols
8.5 Lewis Structures and Covalent Bonding
8.6 Exceptions to the Octet Rule
8.7 Lewis Acids and Bases
8.8 Properties of Covalent Bonds
8.9 Polar Covalent Bonds
8.10 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 9: Molecular Geometry and Covalent Bonding Models
9.1 Predicting the Geometry of Molecules and Polyatomic Ions
9.2 Localized Bonding and Hybrid Atomic Orbitals
9.3 Delocalized Bonding and Molecular Orbitals
9.4 Polyatomic Systems with Multiple Bonds
9.5 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 10: Gases
10.1 Gaseous Elements and Compounds
10.2 Gas Pressure
10.3 Relationships among Pressure, Temperature, Volume, and Amount
10.4 The Ideal Gas Law
10.5 Mixtures of Gases
10.6 Gas Volumes and Stoichiometry
10.7 The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
10.8 The Behavior of Real Gases
10.9 Essential Skills 5
10.10 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 11: Liquids
11.1 The Kinetic Molecular Description of Liquids
11.2 Intermolecular Forces
11.3 Unique Properties of Liquids
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.5 Changes of State
11.6 Critical Temperature and Pressure
11.7 Phase Diagrams
11.8 Liquid Crystals
11.9 Essential Skills 6
11.10 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 12: Solids
12.1 Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
12.2 The Arrangement of Atoms in Crystalline Solids
12.3 Structures of Simple Binary Compounds
12.4 Defects in Crystals
12.5 Correlation between Bonding and the Properties of Solids
12.6 Bonding in Metals and Semiconductors
12.7 Superconductors
12.8 Polymeric Solids
12.9 Contemporary Materials
12.10 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 13: Solutions
13.1 Factors Affecting Solution Formation
13.2 Solubility and Molecular Structure
13.3 Units of Concentration
13.4 Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
13.5 Colligative Properties of Solutions
13.6 Aggregate Particles in Aqueous Solution
13.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 14: Chemical Kinetics
14.1 Factors That Affect Reaction Rates
14.2 Reaction Rates and Rate Laws
14.3 Methods of Determining Reaction Order
14.4 Using Graphs to Determine Rate Laws, Rate Constants, and Reaction Orders
14.5 Half-Lives and Radioactive Decay Kinetics
14.6 Reaction Rates—A Microscopic View
14.7 The Collision Model of Chemical Kinetics
14.8 Catalysis
14.9 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 15: Chemical Equilibrium
15.1 The Concept of Chemical Equilibrium
15.2 The Equilibrium Constant
15.3 Solving Equilibrium Problems
15.4 Nonequilibrium Conditions
15.5 Factors That Affect Equilibrium
15.6 Controlling the Products of Reactions
15.7 Essential Skills
15.8 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 16: Aqueous Acid–Base Equilibriums
16.1 The Autoionization of Water
16.2 A Qualitative Description of Acid–Base Equilibriums
16.3 Molecular Structure and Acid–Base Strength
16.4 Quantitative Aspects of Acid–Base Equilibriums
16.5 Acid–Base Titrations
16.6 Buffers
16.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 17: Solubility and Complexation Equilibriums
17.1 Determining the Solubility of Ionic Compounds
17.2 Factors That Affect Solubility
17.3 The Formation of Complex Ions
17.4 Solubility and pH
17.5 Qualitative Analysis Using Selective Precipitation
17.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 18: Chemical Thermodynamics
18.1 Thermodynamics and Work
18.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
18.3 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
18.4 Entropy Changes and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
18.5 Free Energy
18.6 Spontaneity and Equilibrium
18.7 Comparing Thermodynamics and Kinetics
18.8 Thermodynamics and Life
18.9 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 19: Electrochemistry
19.1 Describing Electrochemical Cells
19.2 Standard Potentials
19.3 Comparing Strengths of Oxidants and Reductants
19.4 Electrochemical Cells and Thermodynamics
19.5 Commercial Galvanic Cells
19.6 Corrosion
19.7 Electrolysis
19.8 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 20: Nuclear Chemistry
20.1 The Components of the Nucleus
20.2 Nuclear Reactions
20.3 The Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with Matter
20.4 Thermodynamic Stability of the Atomic Nucleus
20.5 Applied Nuclear Chemistry
20.6 The Origin of the Elements
20.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 21: Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements
21.1 Overview of Periodic Trends
21.2 The Chemistry of Hydrogen
21.3 The Alkali Metals (Group 1)
21.4 The Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)
21.5 The s-Block Elements in Biology
21.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 22: The p-Block Elements
22.1 The Elements of Group 13
22.2 The Elements of Group 14
22.3 The Elements of Group 15 (The Pnicogens)
22.4 The Elements of Group 16 (The Chalcogens)
22.5 The Elements of Group 17 (The Halogens)
22.6 The Elements of Group 18 (The Noble Gases)
22.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 23: The d-Block Elements
23.1 General Trends among the Transition Metals
23.2 A Brief Survey of Transition-Metal Chemistry
23.3 Metallurgy
23.4 Coordination Compounds
23.5 Crystal Field Theory
23.6 Transition Metals in Biology
23.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 24: Organic Compounds
24.1 Functional Groups and Classes of Organic Compounds
24.2 Isomers of Organic Compounds
24.3 Reactivity of Organic Molecules
24.4 Common Classes of Organic Reactions
24.5 Common Classes of Organic Compounds
24.6 The
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